PAPERS SELECTED FOR THE SYMPOSIUM

• THE VALUE OF WIND POWER PLANTS

  Prof. dr Milan Ćalović - Energoprojekt ' ENTEL, Beograd, Dr Miodrag Mesarović - Energoprojekt ' ENTEL, Beograd

  Abstract Text

  The aim of any power plant in a power system is to supply the load in a reliabbe, economically viable and environmentaly friendly manner. Different power plants can fulfil these basic requirements in different ways with various degree of efficiency.... show full text »
  Abstract Text

  The aim of any power plant in a power system is to supply the load in a reliabbe, economically viable and environmentaly friendly manner. Different power plants can fulfil these basic requirements in different ways with various degree of efficiency. This paper is devoted to the consideration of the behaviour of wind power plants of wind power plants in view of the common standards required to be met by the present power power producers in all of the three above mentioned major aspects (reliability, economy and ecology). A comparison with other power generating sources is carried out. The particular emphasis is placed to the organisation of modern power industry with respect to the acceptability of wind power when large scale wind farms are connected to electrical grids. Globally, wind power generation increased more than fivefold between 2000 and 2007, which gives raise to some specific problems they may involve. At the end of 2007, worldwide capacity of wind-powered generators was 94.1 gigawatts. Although wind currently produces about 1% of world-wide electricity use (2007 data), it accounts for approximately 19% of electricity production in Denmark, 9% in Spain and Portugal, and 6% in Germany and the Republic of Ireland. The specific requirements of grid management with high penetration of wind power are also discussed as different types of wind turbine generators behave differently during transmission grid disturbances. Electricity generated from wind power can be highly variable from hour to hour, daily, and seasonally. Annual variation also exists, but is not as significant. Because instantaneous electrical generation and consumption must remain in balance to maintain grid stability, this variability can present substantial challenges to incorporating large amounts of wind power into a grid system. Intermittency and the non-dispatchable nature of wind energy production can raise costs for regulation, incremental operating reserve, and (at high penetration levels) could require energy demand management, load shedding, or storage solutions. At low levels of wind penetration, fluctuations in load and allowance for failure of large generating units requires reserve capacity that can also regulate for variability of wind generation. Stored energy increases the economic value of wind energy since it can be shifted to displace higher cost generation during peak demand periods. All of these aspects are adressed with respect to the optimum penetration level of wind power to a power system. « hide
  Symposium Session: Thermal, hydro, wind and other Power Plants | Eksploatacioni problemi termo, hidro, vetro i drugih elektrana